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  • body elongate, deepest at A origin
    D: XI, 15-18
    A: 10-13
  • D XI
    preopercle angle - 3 spines point forward
    opercle - 3 strong spines
  • D: IX, deep notches between spines
  • elongate
    head long, low, pointed
    D: X; middle spines longer than head
  • elongate
    D: X
    angle preoperclum: large spiny spur
  • body robust, deepest at D origin
    D: X-XI, 13-18
    C round/straight
    A 7-9
  • elongate, compressed
    D: X, 12-15, front spines long
    preoperculum finely serrated
    scales small (70-115 laterals), rough
  • elongate
    D: X
    preoperculum with simple serrations, no spiny spur
  • 1 D, 9-12 rays, spiny part low & longer base, strong notch
    teeth small
    operculum: 2 flat spines