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  • in mouth yellow
    belly: yellow blotch
    Diplectrum conceptione, Yellow-mouth sand-perch
    preopercular spur: 4-6 spines, central 2 large & diverging
    pelvics dark
    A yellow
  • under & behind eye: row spots join orange stripe
    D & A end & front rays ~ same height
    C: bars of orange spots
    Diplectrum eumelum, Orange-spotted sand-perch, Cheekspot sand-perch, Pointed sand-perch
    preopercle spur deep, angular, 8-14 spines
    7-10 rows scales on cheek
  • yellow stripe on cheek -> 2-3 across operculum
    soft D: black stripe along base
    body: 4 double dark bars
    Diplectrum euryplectrum, Wide-spur sand-perch, Big-head sand-perch
    preopercular spur: deep, square, 6-12 spines
  • body: 4 double dark bars
    D: spines II-IV long, with filaments, black
    soft D 3-5 oblique orange stripes
    C: 3 orange bars, black & white spots on top edge
    Diplectrum labarum, High-fin sand-perch
    preopercle spur: square, deep. 8-13 spines
  • yellow bar: eye to top lip
    body: thin dark bars
    soft D: row orange spots, rear rays < front rays
    D length front rays > rear rays
    Diplectrum macropoma, Mexican sand-perch, Barred sand-perch, Pygmy sand-perch, Big-scale sand-perch
    preopercle spur: very deep, angular, 8-13 spines
  • grey-brown
    operculum: dark blotch
    Diplectrum maximum, Torpedo sand-perch, Greater sand-perch
    preopercular spur: narrow, pointed, 4-8 spines
    A 2nd spine ~ 3rd
  • pink blotch over origin A
    C top edge red, bottom white, rows orange spots
    Diplectrum pacificum, Pacific sand-perch, Inshore sand-perch
    preopercle spur: square, not deep, 5-8 spines
    cheek 10-14 rows scales
    gill rakers 15-24
  • eye to snout: 2 oblique yellow stripes
    eye: yellow ring
    above A: yellow blotch
    C base: dark blotch in center, 2 black spots at top
    Diplectrum rostrum, Barsnout sand-perch, Narrowspur sand-perch, Bridled sand-perch
    preopercle spur: low, blunt, rounded, 7-11 spines
    cheek 10-14 rows scales
    gill rakers 22-25
  • top jaw bone deep
    body: 2 stripes + 8-10 bars
    D 2-3 rows yellow spots
    D 2-3 rows yellow spots
    Diplectrum sciurus, Squirrel sand-perch,Gulf sand-perch,Gulf squirrelfish
    preopercular spur: deep, square, 5-10 spines
    gill rakers 32-41