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Species: Venefica procera, Atlantic Whipsnout Pikeconger, Shorthose Witch Eel, Shortnose Witch Eel

All Families:   All Genera:   All Species:

tail slender, tapering, ~60% TL
snout slender, long, pointed, 42-55% head
tip of snout: long proboscis, 4-13% head
eye small, 4-7% head
no pectorals
C 14

Venefica procera Goode & Bean, 1883

Shortnose Witch Eel, Atlantic Whipsnout Pikeconger, Shorthose Witch Eel

Elongate, cylindrical at front, compressed at rear; a long, slender pointed tail ~62% of TL; head 10% of TL; eye small 4-7% of head; front nostril a low tube near proboscis; rear nostril a large, oblique hole just before the top corner of eye, covered by a flap from its front edge; snout very long (from eye to tip without proboscis 42-55% of head) and slender; tip of snout with a large, relatively short fleshy, pointed proboscis (4-13% of head without proboscis); mouth long, ends behind eye; jaws long and pointed, with top jaw overhanging; teeth small, conical, in bands of ~4 rows on jaws; tooth patch between front jaws spade-shaped, completely exposed when mouth is closed, separate from jaw teeth by a slight crescent-shaped gap; roof of mouth with central, narrow, long (reaches under eye) patch of simple conical teeth; lower jaw teeth meet at front, fit into space before vomer teeth, when mouth is closed; pectoral fins absent; gill opening a crescent, low on side; dorsal fin origin ~over gill opening; dorsal and anal fins confluent with tail fin; lateral line complete, distinct, on head and body, ~60-64 pores between anus and head; tail fin with 14 rays.

Head, body and fins black to dark brown.

Reaches 109 cm

Lives on soft bottoms.

Depth range 832-2858 m.

Newfoundland to Surinam, possibly Brazil


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Salinity
  • Marine
  • Marine Only
Inshore/Offshore
  • Offshore
  • Offshore Only
Water Column Position
  • Bottom
  • Bottom only
Habitat
  • Soft bottom (mud/sand/gravel/beach/estuary/mangrove/seagrass)
  • Soft bottom only
FishBase Habitat
  • Bathydemersal
Feeding Group
  • Carnivore
  • Data
Diet
  • Data
  • Bony fishes
  • Mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs)
Egg Type
  • Data
  • No pelagic phase
  • Pelagic larva
Global Endemism
  • All species
  • Greater Caribbean non-endemic
  • West Atlantic Endemic
Regional Endemism
  • Continent
  • Continent only
  • Extends North of GC
  • GC non-endemic
  • All species
Residency
  • Resident
Climate Zone
  • Equatorial (0-10N, Costa Rica / Venezuela)
  • Subtropical (23-35N, Florida / Carolinas / Bermuda)
  • Temperate (>35N)
  • Tropical (10-23N, Nicaragua / Cuba)
IUCN Red List
  • Not evaluated / Listed
CITES
  • Not listed
Length Max
  • 109
Depth Range Min
  • 832
Depth Range Max
  • 2858