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Species: Umbrina coroides, Sand Drum

All Families:   All Genera:   All Species:

stripes on back oblique to LL
D 26-31
gill rakers 13-15
A 6
D origin to LL 7-8 scales
scale rows under spiny D oblique to LL

Umbrina coroides Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1830

Sand Drum

Body oblong, moderately elongate, somewhat compressed; back high, arched at nape; head low, broad, conical; mouth ~ horizontal, small, under projecting snout; chin with 1 short, thick rigid barbel with a pore at its tip, and 2 pairs of pores beside its base; snout with 3-5 front pores, 5 on side; teeth in bands on each jaw, outer row on top jaw larger; preopercle finely serrated; 13-15 short gill rakers; top corner of gill opening notched; dorsal fin with a deep notch, X + I, 26-31, spines slender, second dorsal long base; anal small, II, 6 rays, 2nd spine large, >2/3 length of 1st ray; scales rough on head and body, smooth on fins; bases of soft dorsal and anal fins with 1 row of scales along base, small scales on membranes of inner half of soft dorsal; 7-8 scales between dorsal fin origin and lateral line; scale rows under spiny dorsal at 30 degree angle to lateral line; the lateral line extends to the center of the end of the tail fin.

Silver grey, darker on back; body with 9-10 dark bars, dotted wavy lines along scale rows of body, lines under dorsal fin are oblique (30 degrees above parallel); fins dusky; lower sides and belly pale to yellowish; upper inside of gill cover dark.

Size: 35 cm.

Habitat: sandy bottoms along beaches, mud bottoms near estuaries; sometimes near coral reefs.

Depth: 1-15 m?

Chesapeake Bay to NE Brazil.


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Salinity
  • Brackish
  • Marine
Inshore/Offshore
  • Inshore
  • Inshore Only
Water Column Position
  • Bottom
Habitat
  • Sand & gravel
  • Soft bottom (mud/sand/gravel/beach/estuary/mangrove/seagrass)
  • Soft bottom only
  • Estuary
  • Reef (rock/coral/oyster)
  • Reef associated (reef + edges-water column & soft bottom)
FishBase Habitat
  • Demersal
  • Reef Associated
Feeding Group
  • Carnivore
  • Data
Diet
  • Data
  • Mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs)
Egg Type
  • Data
  • Pelagic
  • Pelagic larva
Global Endemism
  • All species
  • Greater Caribbean non-endemic
  • West Atlantic Endemic
Regional Endemism
  • Also in Brazil
  • Continent
  • Continent + Island (s)
  • Extends N + S of GC
  • Extends North of GC
  • Extends South of GC
  • GC non-endemic
  • Island (s)
  • All species
Residency
  • Resident
Climate Zone
  • Equatorial (0-10N, Costa Rica / Venezuela)
  • Subtropical (23-35N, Florida / Carolinas / Bermuda)
  • Temperate (>35N)
  • Tropical (10-23N, Nicaragua / Cuba)
IUCN Red List
  • Least concern
  • Listed
CITES
  • Not listed
Length Max
  • 35
Depth Range Min
  • 1
Depth Range Max
  • 15