Species: Thalassophryne maculosa, Caño toadfish
Thalassophryne maculosa Gunther, 1861
Caño toadfish
Head broad and flattened, greatly depressed; eyes on top of head, upward looking, eye moderately large, diameter 0.35-0.78% of SL; mouth wide; teeth are canines; gill openings restricted to sides, just before pectoral base; one (hollow) spine with venom gland on operculum, gill openings restricted to side, before pectoral fin base; 2 dorsal fins II strong, sharp, hollow spines with venom glands + (17-20); anal fin 16-19; fins long based, low; pelvics I, 2-3, before pectoral base; pectorals 14-17 (usually 15-16) with glandular tissue scattered over outer part of fin; tail small, rounded; 1 lateral line, no light organs; no scales.
Body variable, with small or large spots, frequently large blotches; no pale margin on fins which are dark to their edges.
Reaches 18 cm.
Lives buried in mud or sand.
Depth range: 1-370 m.
Panama to Venezuela.
High Resolution Map Download
- Salinity
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- Marine
- Marine Only
- Inshore/Offshore
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- Inshore Only
- Inshore
- Water Column Position
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- Bottom
- Habitat
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- Soft bottom only
- Reef associated (reef + edges-water column & soft bottom)
- Soft bottom (mud/sand/gravel/beach/estuary/mangrove/seagrass)
- Mud
- Reef (rock/coral/oyster)
- FishBase Habitat
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- Reef Associated
- Demersal
- Feeding Group
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- Carnivore
- Data
- Diet
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- Data
- Mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs)
- Mobile benthic gastropods/bivalves
- Bony fishes
- Egg Type
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- Data
- Benthic
- No pelagic larva
- No pelagic phase
- Global Endemism
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- West Atlantic Endemic
- Greater Caribbean non-endemic
- All species.
- Regional Endemism
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- Extends South of GC
- GC non-endemic
- All species..
- Continent only
- Continent
- Also in Brazil
- Residency
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- Resident
- Climate Zone
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- Equatorial (0-10N, Costa Rica / Venezuela)
- IUCN Red List
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- Listed
- Least concern
- CITES
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- Not listed
- Depth Range Min
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- 1
- Depth Range Max
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- 370
- Length Max
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- 18
