Species: Mobula hypostoma, Devil Ray, West Atlantic Pygmy Devil Ray

Mobula hypostoma (Bancroft, 1831)
Devil Ray, West Atlantic Pygmy Devil Ray
Head projecting, relatively narrow; front edge of snout between horns not concave; large triangular "wings" (pectoral fin flaps), with front edge straight to slightly convex; head horns relatively long (width ~1/2 their length) with blunt tips; spiracles small (<1/2 eye), circular, below plane of pectoral fins, with a groove from them to over the eye; mouth on underside of head; teeth on both jaws, upper jaws with 36-72 and lower jaws 38-58 rows; teeth of females and juveniles with rounded tips, those of mature males with 2 (1-3) long tips; upper and lower teeth bands <55% of width of mouth; filter plates in gills are separate at their tips, with acorn-shaped lobes at their ends, side lobes of those plates densely covered with denticles; tail slender, relatively short (< disc width), without spine, its base compressed; skin with fine prickles sparse or close-set in a belt along center of back from head to dorsal fin, plus scattered on pectorals.
Top variable: light brown, grey or black, may be mottled or with spots; top edges and inner tips of head horns black; usually dark stripe along top edge of mouth; may have pale grey collar behind eyes; sides of neck before gill slits brown to grey; dorsal fin with dark edges, center grey; white ventral marks extend up behind and above eye; underside white, pectoral tips grey.
Grows to a disc width of 125 cm, 55 cm at birth.
Habitat: pelagic coastal waters.
Depth: 0-100 m.
Trans-Atlantic; The central US to Argentina.

High Resolution Map Download
- Salinity
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- Marine
- Marine Only
- Inshore/Offshore
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- In & Offshore
- Inshore
- Offshore
- Water Column Position
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- Near Surface
- Surface
- Water column only
- Habitat
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- Water column
- FishBase Habitat
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- Pelagic
- Feeding Group
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- Data
- Planktivore
- Diet
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- Data
- Zooplankton
- Bony fishes
- Pelagic crustacea
- Egg Type
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- Data
- Live birth
- No pelagic larva
- Global Endemism
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- All species
- Greater Caribbean non-endemic
- Transatlantic (East+West Atlantic)
- Regional Endemism
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- Also in Brazil
- Continent
- Continent + Island (s)
- Extends N + S of GC
- Extends North of GC
- Extends South of GC
- GC non-endemic
- Island (s)
- All species
- Residency
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- Resident
- Climate Zone
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- Equatorial (0-10N, Costa Rica / Venezuela)
- Subtropical (23-35N, Florida / Carolinas / Bermuda)
- Temperate (>35N)
- Tropical (10-23N, Nicaragua / Cuba)
- IUCN Red List
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- Endangered
- Listed
- CITES
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- Appendix II
- Listed
- Length Max
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- 125
- Depth Range Min
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- 0
- Depth Range Max
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- 100