Species: Styracura schmardae, Caribbean whiptail stingray, Caribbean Whiptail stingray

1 pair tubercles on shoulders
tail spines well to rear

Styracura schmardae (Werner, 1904)
Caribbean whiptail stingray
Head continuous with disc; disc oval, 1-1.1 times wider than long, evenly rounded to almost straight at front, outer edges and rear corners of disc rounded; snout length less than or equal to distance between spiracles; nostrils with a large fringed curtain between them and the mouth; floor of the mouth has fleshy papillae; long slender tail with 1 long venomous spine, not depressed at base, no dorsal or tail fins, without dorsal fin fold, with a very low, indistinct keel on underside that originates at the level of the spine, a ridge running along each side of front ¼ of the tail base; disc uniformly covered with small flattened denticles (enlarged on shoulders), but without large thorns.
Upper surface dark brown to dark olive or sepia; lower surface yellowish to whitish.
Reaches to 180 cm disc width.
Lives on shallow softbottoms; fresh to fully marine saltwater; common in mangrove lagoons.
Depth range: 1-30 m.
Gulf of Mexico to French Guiana.

High Resolution Map Download
- Salinity
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- Brackish
- Freshwater
- Marine
- Inshore/Offshore
-
- Inshore
- Inshore Only
- Water Column Position
-
- Bottom
- Bottom only
- Habitat
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- Soft bottom only
- Sand & gravel
- Mud
- Soft bottom (mud/sand/gravel/beach/estuary/mangrove/seagrass)
- Estuary
- Mangrove
- Beach
- FishBase Habitat
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- Demersal
- Feeding Group
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- Carnivore
- Data
- Diet
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- Sessile crustacea
- Bony fishes
- Data
- Mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs)
- Sea-stars/cucumbers/urchins
- Octopus/squid/cuttlefish
- Egg Type
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- Live birth
- Data
- No pelagic larva
- Global Endemism
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- West Atlantic Endemic
- All species.
- Greater Caribbean endemic
- Regional Endemism
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- Island (s)
- GC endemic
- Continent
- Extends South of GC
- All species..
- Continent + Island (s)
- Residency
-
- Resident
- Climate Zone
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- Equatorial (0-10N, Costa Rica / Venezuela)
- Tropical (10-23N, Nicaragua / Cuba)
- IUCN Red List
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- Listed
- Data deficient
- CITES
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- Not listed
- Length Max
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- 180
- Depth Range Min
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- 1
- Depth Range Max
-
- 30