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  • disc rhomboidal, corners angular
    snout short, firm
    disc: central row 9-34 very large thorns - nape to D
    disc covered in thorns
    tail short, stout
  • disc heart-shaped, front edge ~straight
    snout pointed, tip firm
    pectorals end before snout tip
    top disc & tail: dense denticles
    disc thorns: shoulder to D, 1 row of 30-40
    tail ~1/2 TL
    no thorns on rear 1/3 tail