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  • humpback
    head spines strong, multi-pointed
    pit behind eyes
    D XII, 9.5, no elongate spines
    pectoral: center point, + branched rays
    LL complete
    scales rough
    crest under eye: 5-8 spines
    preopercle: top spine isolated, longest
  • no pit behind eyes
    D XII, 9
    LL = front 4-5 pores only
    ridge under eye: 5-6 spines
    preoperculum - 1st spine largest
    pectoral - center rays longest, 15-17, upper rays branched
    end tail base: small spots form bar
    scales rough
  • eye large (150-220% snout)
    small pit behind eye
    no large spot between D spines IV-VII
    pectoral reaches past end A base, no brown spots on inside base
    scales smooth
  • ridge under eye: 1 spine
    short branched cirrus over eye
    large pit behind eyes
    D large spot between spines IV-VII
    C - 3 bars, A - 3 stripes
    bone over front mouth: 2 spines point down
    pectoral 16-17
    A 3rd spine not > 2nd
    scales smooth
  • ridge under eye: 3 spines
    branched eye cirrus
    deep pit behind eyes
    lower head & body: small brown spots
    pectoral 16-20
    scales smooth
  • no pit behind eyes
    no mushroom flaps atop eye
    ridge under eye: 3 spines
    length before D 34-40% SL
    pectoral 18-21
    scales smooth
  • deep pit behind eyes
    slender eye cirrus
    bone atop front mouth: 3-4 spines
    inner face pectoral pale/large blotches
    scales smooth
  • snout v short
    shallow pit behind eyes
    body deep
    pectoral 16-17, inner face yellow
    inside gill chamber black
    A 2nd spine < /= 3rd
    scales smooth