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  • no pit behind eyes
    D XII, 9
    LL = front 4-5 pores only
    ridge under eye: 5-6 spines
    preoperculum - 1st spine largest
    pectoral - center rays longest, 15-17, upper rays branched
    end tail base: small spots form bar
    scales rough
  • no pit behind eyes
    D XII, 11.5+
    5 dark bars (V-shape under soft D)
    roof mouth with teeth
    ridge under eye - no spines
    preoperculum - 2nd spine largest
  • humpback
    head spines strong, multi-pointed
    pit behind eyes
    D XII, 9.5, no elongate spines
    pectoral: center point, + branched rays
    LL complete
    scales rough
    crest under eye: 5-8 spines
    preopercle: top spine isolated, longest
  • long cirri over eyes
    shallow pit behind eyes
    D 9.5
    dark saddle above pectoral
    A base dark
    body many skin flaps
    pectoral 19-20, reaches past 1st A spine
    scales smooth
  • ridge under eye: 1 spine
    short branched cirrus over eye
    large pit behind eyes
    D large spot between spines IV-VII
    C - 3 bars, A - 3 stripes
    bone over front mouth: 2 spines point down
    pectoral 16-17
    A 3rd spine not > 2nd
    scales smooth
  • ridge under eye: 3 spines
    branched eye cirrus
    deep pit behind eyes
    lower head & body: small brown spots
    pectoral 16-20
    scales smooth
  • no pit behind eyes
    mushroom flaps atop eye
    ridge under eye: 3 spines
    length before D 40-47% SL
    bone above front mouth - 2 spines
    scales smooth
  • ridge under eye no spines
    deep pit behind eyes
    D large dark blotch between spines III-VII
    bone over front mouth: 2 spines point down
    pectoral 18-19
    A 3rd spine > 2nd
    scales smooth