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  • mouth short, opens at front/slightly above
    pelvics before D
    scutes along belly
    A long base, 30-92
  • D without filament
    mouth opens at front, oblique, short
    top jaw with central notch
    lower jaw NOT flared out
    pelvics under D
    scutes along belly
    A short base, < 30
  • D last ray often filamentous
    mouth usually opens under snout
    top jaw with central notch
    lower jaw flared outwards
    pelvics under D
    scutes along belly, sometimes on back before D
    A short base, < 30
  • slender, cylindrical
    front bone top jaw - rectangular
    rays under throat 11-18
    only scute is W-shaped, between pelvics
  • snout prominent, cónical, overhanging
    mouth very long, suspended under head
    pelvic on belly, before D
    belly - no scutes